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How many people die early from farm air pollution each year?

humans · Homo sapiens
died early from farm air pollution
600,000
a year
0.019
a second
1,643
a day
the livestock share
?

most of it. ammonia from manure and fertilizer becomes fine particulate.

method agricultural share of PM2.5 mortality from Lelieveld et al. 2015; livestock share from Domingo et al. 2021 (US).

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<iframe src="https://thetoll.earth/?channel=humans" width="100%" height="520" style="border:1px solid #D9DDDB" title="the toll · humans"></iframe>
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<iframe src="https://thetoll.earth/?embed=1" width="100%" height="520" style="border:1px solid #D9DDDB" title="the toll · on now, everywhere"></iframe>

how this number is built

method
agricultural share of PM2.5 mortality from Lelieveld et al. 2015; livestock share from Domingo et al. 2021 (US).
range
400,000–800,000/yr
confidence
model
weakness
attribution models differ; the site uses the order of magnitude and says so.
becomes a feed
OpenAQ, air in ten thousand cities right now
dispute
dispute LGR-050 · corrections are credited
data
channels.json (sign-in) · full entry · CC BY 4.0
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